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The Dolphin Gas Project is one of the largest cross-border energy projects in the history of the Middle East. The project transports natural gas from Qatar via pipeline to meet the growing energy needs of the United Arab Emirates (UAE).
This $7 billion project integrates three Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries—the UAE, Qatar, and Oman—into a comprehensive regional energy network for the first time.
The first phase involved the development of two platforms, two multi-phase offshore sealing lines to processing facilities and a gas processing and compression plant in Ras Laffan in the northern Qatar oil field. The second phase involved the construction of a 48-inch diameter and 260-mile (364-kilometer) long submarine pipeline to transport natural gas to the UAE (costing $3.5 billion). The second phase of the project was completed in August 2006.
The pipeline transported the first batch of natural gas in 2007 and can transport up to 2 billion cubic feet of Qatar natural gas to the UAE every day for a period of 25 years. It also has the capacity to transport up to 3.2 billion cubic feet per day, so it is booking more customers.
Dolphin Energy is the builder and operator of this project. Dolphin Energy is owned 51% by Mubadala Development Corporation, which represents the government of Abu Dhabi, and 24.5% by French Total and Occidental Petroleum. The project has been in progress since 2001 and was put into production at the end of 2006.
In January 2004, JGC Middle East FZE, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Japan's JGC Corporation, won the design, procurement and construction (EPC) contract for the Ras Laffan natural gas processing and compression plant. The factory went online at the end of 2006.
The plant receives moisture from the North oil field and removes valuable hydrocarbon liquids (including condensate and NGL products) for processing, marketing and spot sales. The compressed dry gas produced by the plant is transported to the UAE through an export pipeline.
The JGC contract also includes commissioning and start-up, operator training and maintenance. The six compressor units of the facility are driven by 52MW gas turbines, which are provided and commissioned by Rolls-Royce Energy Systems in the United Kingdom.
The plant can compress more than 2 billion cubic feet (57 million cubic meters) of methane per day. Propane, butane and condensate are sold on the open market, while ethane is supplied to Qatar Petroleum.
The Dolphin Factory Automation Application and System (PAA / PAS) implementation project was awarded to Honeywell Middle East and its main subcontractor Trust Technical Services in 2006.
The pipeline management system 1 (offshore line) contract was awarded to Scandi Power, and the pipeline management system 2 (export and distribution pipeline) contract was awarded together with the gas distribution management system contract for the energy solution.
The upstream FEED contract was awarded to Foster Wheeler Sofresid. The design and planning work began in Paris in January 2002 and was completed in May 2003.
The scope of work includes FEED for offshore production complexes, two multi-phase offshore pipelines to transport wet gas to shore, onshore reception facilities, separation, gas processing and export gas compression facilities.
The first appraisal well NFD 1 in the northern Qatar oil field was drilled in 40-50 feet of water on December 5, 2001; the well was completed in April 2002 at 11,018 feet.
Successful pressure and flow tests were completed in July 2002.
The second appraisal well NFD 2 was drilled on April 8, 2002 and completed in June at a depth of 10,331 feet. Successful tests were conducted in July and August 2002. A total of 24 wells were drilled in 2005 and 2006 to provide the necessary amount of feed gas to meet Dolphin's requirements.
In January 2004, J Ray McDermott Middle East won the EPC contract for two offshore platforms, involving the manufacture, installation and connection of offshore production platforms to the sea line.
In April 2004, Saipem (Italy), a subsidiary of Eni Group, won the submarine cable EPC contract. The contract includes the design and installation of two 36-inch diameter concrete-coated sealing pipes to transport production streams (natural gas, hydrocarbon liquids) from the wellhead to the Ras Laffan processing plant.
The two submarine cables were laid in early 2006. They transport unprocessed natural gas and hydrocarbon liquids from offshore platforms to processing plants 80 kilometers away. On June 25, 2007, the first gas well in the North Oilfield produced production.
The EPC (Design and Installation) contract for the 364 km submarine pipeline from Qatar to the UAE was awarded to Saipem (Italy) in March 2004. The pipe is 48 inches in diameter and transports 3.2 billion cubic feet of natural gas per day.
The pipeline exports natural gas between the natural gas processing plant in Ras Laffan and the receiving facility terminal in Taweelah, UAE. The pipeline was laid in the spring and early summer of 2006. In January 2003, Japan's Mitsui $ Company won the procurement contract for the line pipe of the project. Due to the ongoing border dispute, Saudi Arabia has raised several objections to the pipeline with Qatar.
The contract involves the supply of more than 400,000 tons of high-quality carbon steel pipe line pipes, which were manufactured and delivered in 2005. Fugro Middle East conducted the necessary investigations on the project.
In November 2004, the EPC contract for the Taweelah gas receiving facility was awarded to Technip (Abu Dhabi) and the Al Jaber Energy Services Consortium in the UAE.
These facilities were constructed near the Taweelah Power Station.
They include three parallel gas receiving trains and related equipment, metering facilities, control buildings and warehouses, and pipelines connecting the Taweelah power station and the existing Maqta-Jebel Ali pipeline. The facility was completed in early 2006. The contract value exceeds 62 million U.S. dollars.
A new 24-inch pipeline (118 miles long) was built from Al Ain to Fujairah as a separate project and was completed in December 2003. The UAE General Oil Company (Emarat) managed the operation and maintenance of the pipeline from January 2004 to December 2005 (Dolphin took over in January 2006. The pipeline transports 20 billion cubic meters of natural gas annually.
Dolphin Energy began supplying Omani natural gas to the 656 MW power plant and the 100 million gallons per day desalination plant of the United Hydropower Corporation (UWEC) in Fujairah in January 2004. The Al Ain-Fujairah pipeline and the existing Emarat natural gas pipeline network. By October 2008, this had been replaced by Qatar's Dolphin Gas (200 million cubic feet per day).
This is a 240-kilometer (149-mile), 48-inch pipeline that runs between the Taweelah gas terminal and Fujairah. The US$2.8 billion Fujairah F2 desalination plant developed by International Power Corporation and Marubeni Corporation for the Abu Dhabi Hydropower Authority requires new natural gas supplies.
By the last quarter of 2010, the new F2 plant was designed to produce 2,000 megawatts of electricity and 130 million gallons of water per day.
At the end of 2007, the design and construction of the new pipeline was invited for bidding, and nine companies were required to bid. These companies include: Al Jaber Energy in the UAE, Consolidated Contractors Company in Greece, CPECC in China; Dodsal in India, Petrojet in Egypt, Snamprogetti (Saipem) in Italy, STG in Russia; Techint in Saudi Arabia and Technip in Germany.
The final bid will expire at the end of January 2008, and the shortlists of five companies (Al Jaber Energy Services, Consolidated Contractors Company International, Dodsal, Stroytransgaz, and Snamprogetti (Saipem)) have subsequently been produced. They were required to resubmit the design and construction tenders before May 2008.
In July 2008, the construction contract was awarded to Stroytransgaz PJSC of Russia. The contract is valued at US$418 million.
The pipe material will include coated pipe sections, provided by Salzgitter Mannesmann International (200,000 tons of pipe, contract value of US$200 million). Construction started in March 2009, and the second phase of the project was completed in May 2010, and the 128 km section began operation.
In May 2006, two EPC contracts for the Eastern Natural Gas Distribution System (EGDS) to be built in the UAE were awarded.
The first contract for the East and West facilities is the Joint Contractor Company (CCC), which involves the engineering, procurement and construction of civil engineering, pipelines, machinery, SCADA, telecommunications and electrical engineering, and involves the expansion, transformation and upgrading of the existing eastern natural gas. -Distribution system; Construction of a new Dolphin operation/administrative building and expansion of the Al Ain gas terminal control building.
Punj Lloyd won EPC contracts for civil and optical cables. The project was completed in November 2008. The upgrade of the existing EGDS enables Dolphin to deliver natural gas to customers in Abu Dhabi, Dubai and northern UAE.
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